Fetal Circulation by Kayla Colona
The fetal circulatory system works differently than it does after birth. The placenta is the organ that develops during the pregnancy and is implanted into the endometrium of the mother’s uterus. The fetus gets all of its nutrients, oxygen, and life support because the umbilical vein transports it through the placenta to the fetal body. […]
Acid-Base Homeostasis – outline notes
Acid-base imbalance will affect all systems including the cardiovascular system (heart) and nervous system. I. Acids and Bases A. Acids – release H+ (proton donors) -Strong acids – completely dissociate in water HCl —-> H+ + Cl- -Weak acids – do not completely dissociate in water H2CO3 <—-> H+ + HCO3- B. Bases – accept […]
Urinary System Anatomy – outline notes
Urinary System Anatomy The urinary system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and one urethra. The kidneys process blood to produce urine. Urine contains water, nitrogenous wastes, foreign substances, excess ions, etc. The urine is carried from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters. Urine is stored in the bladder until discharged […]
Respiratory Anatomy – outline notes
Our body cells, as well as all living cells, need energy to live. Our cells obtain that energy through the enzymatic catabolism (chemical breakdown) of organic molecules that we eat. This energy is captured and then transferred to the high-energy bonds in adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Our cells can easily access and use the energy stored […]
Intro to Disease – outline notes
Infectious disease -#1 killer worldwide -#3 in United States: only behind heart disease and cancers Infectious Disease is caused by microbes -bacteria -viruses -protozoa and fungi Major killers of humanity evolved from animal diseases How Evolution Works -evolution is descent with modification -accumulation of mistakes over time -those mistakes give some advantage over others allowing organisms […]
Endocrine System – outline notes
I. Endocrine Axis Endocrine Gland — Hormone — Blood — Target tissue — Effect II. Hormones – chemical messengers A. 3 classes 1. Amino acid derivatives -catecholamines – from tyrosine -epinephrine and norepinephrine -thyroid hormones – from tyrosine -melatonin – tryptophan 2. Peptide Hormones – chains of amino acids -pituitary, hypothalamus, heart, thymus, GI tract, […]
History of Disease – chronological highlights
Ancient Civilizations — Medicine – 4000 – 1000 BCE – Illness and death attributed to punishment from gods -Magic and spells used for treatment -opium, herbal remedies, acupuncture 3000 BCE writing develops, wheel used for chariots 420 BCE –Hippocrates – “Father of Medicine” — Greek -teaches importance of observation and diagnosis over magic in medicine […]
Flu vs Cold – outline notes
I. Common Cold A. Causative agent – virus 1. 5 different viruses – over 100 strains B. Symptoms 1. Respiratory infection a. Sore throat, sneezing, runny nose, congestion (thick yellow mucus) C. Cannot catch a cold from: 1. Draft, wet hair, sudden drop in temperature D. No vaccine II. Flu (Influenza) A. Causative agent – […]
Homeostatic Imbalances of the Skin | Skin Cancer
A. Bacterial, viral, yeast, cancer B. Most tumors of the skin are benign and do not metastasize. Ex) wart 1. Some are malignant or cancerous C. Skin Cancers 1. Basal cell carcinoma a. Most common, least malignant b. Stratum basale cells proliferate and invade the dermis and hypodermis c. Slow growing d. Surgical removal —99% […]
Benefits of Fitness – outline notes
Fitness – Enables body to perform physical activity Sedentary – opposite of physical activity Benefits of Fitness -promotes health and prevents disease -inactivity contributes to heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, hypertension –Fitness leads to -restful sleep -body repairs injuries, builds muscle, strengthens immunity -limits body fat and adds lean muscle –bone density – weight-bearing exercise protects […]